A filling is used to restore a tooth damaged by decay to its normal shape and function. The first step involves removing the decayed portion of the tooth. The affected area is then cleaned, shaped, and filled with a suitable filling material.

Tooth fillings effectively restore both the form and function of teeth. Individuals experiencing the following oral issues may benefit from dental fillings:

• Tooth sensitivity
• Damage from a previous filling
• A chipped or fractured tooth
• Food particles trapped between gapped teeth
• Dark spots on tooth surfaces

By filling gaps or cavities, fillings help protect the teeth from further decay caused by bacterial buildup. Common materials used for fillings include composite resin (white fillings) and amalgam (an alloy of silver and other metals). The appropriate type of filling depends on the location of the cavity and the extent of the decay.

Tooth decay, also known as dental caries, is an infectious disease that damages the structure of the tooth, leading to the formation of cavities. It is one of the most common diseases worldwide. It is estimated that about 95% of people experience at least one cavity at some point in their lives.

A cavity forms when the tooth surface loses much of its mineral content, resulting in a hole. This process, known as demineralization, occurs due to the presence of acid on the tooth surface. These acids dissolve the minerals in the enamel, weakening the tooth and creating soft spots that can develop into cavities.

As the decay progresses into the deeper layers of the tooth, it increases sensitivity to hot and cold temperatures. When it reaches the center of the tooth (the pulp), inflammation can occur, often leading to a severe toothache and, in some cases, tooth loss.

The acids that cause tooth decay are produced by certain types of bacteria that live in a complex colony in the mouth known as a biofilm. This biofilm is commonly referred to as dental plaque, while tartar is the hardened form of plaque.

If bacteria remain on the teeth for extended periods, they form plaque, which eventually hardens into tartar. The bacteria in plaque feed on sugars and produce acids that lead to tooth demineralization. Additionally, plaque provides a habitat for bacteria and holds the acids they produce directly against the tooth surface, which can significantly damage its structure and function.

Although everyone’s mouth contains bacteria, you can minimize the risk of tooth decay by brushing and flossing regularly. Good oral hygiene helps prevent bacteria from forming organized colonies in the mouth.

Tooth fillings are commonly classified as dental restorative procedures and are divided into different types based on their materials and effectiveness.

Metal (amalgam) fillings are made from a combination of metals, including silver, copper, zinc, and mercury. They are widely used because they are long-lasting, durable, and affordable. On average, silver fillings can last up to 12 years with minimal maintenance and good oral hygiene.

However, these fillings do not match the natural color of teeth and are less aesthetically pleasing. For this reason, dentists typically recommend placing amalgam fillings in the back teeth, such as molars and premolars, where they are less visible.

Composite fillings, also called direct fillings, are applied directly to the tooth surface and blend seamlessly with the natural tooth color. These are the most commonly used and widely preferred type of dental fillings because they are customized to match the size, shape, and color of the tooth.

With proper oral care, composite fillings can last up to 10 years. They help individuals smile confidently, as they appear completely natural. For this reason, composite fillings are often used on the front teeth, where aesthetics are most important.

Maintaining good oral hygiene is essential to preventing tooth decay. Brushing and flossing your teeth daily helps remove dental plaque from all tooth surfaces effectively. It’s also important to limit the consumption of sugary foods and drinks. When sugar particles remain on your teeth for extended periods, they can contribute to tooth decay by producing harmful acids. These acids dissolve the enamel—the outer layer of the teeth—leading to the formation of cavities.

You can protect your teeth from decay by following these simple steps:

• Brush your teeth with fluoride toothpaste after meals.
• Rinse your mouth regularly.
• Visit your dentist for routine checkups.
• Consider getting dental sealants.
• Avoid frequent snacking, especially late at night.
• Eat tooth-friendly foods rich in calcium and vitamins.
• Ask your dentist about fluoride treatments.

At Ingersoll Dental Centre, we offer high-quality restorative dental services at affordable prices—often covered by dental insurance. Our goal is to deliver effective treatments that restore your smile and provide long-lasting results.

In addition to dental fillings, we specialize in a wide range of restorative and cosmetic dental services, including crowns, bridges, veneers, dentures, and more. If you believe you may need any of these services, make the right choice and book an appointment with us today.